Census: 13 Million, 8.5 Million
According to Census data, the number of foreign-born residents rose by 13 million in the 1990s, and the number of unauthorized foreigners in the US

Guest Workers, Legalization
Presidents Bush and Fox are scheduled to meet on September 5, 2001 in Washington. They had hoped to announce major immigration policy reforms during

INS: Border, Sanctions, TPS
James W. Ziglar was confirmed as the new Immigration and Naturalization Service commissioner on July 31, 2001. Ziglar in August 2001 said that he

Labor, H-1B, Integration, Welfare
The US unemployment rate remained steady at 4.5 percent in July 2001. Between January 1997 and March 2001, the US added an average 235,000 jobs a

California, New York, Iowa
California. In the 1980s, California appeared to be developing a two-tiered society: well-educated whites and Asians near the top of the

Mexico: Investment, Border
Mexico's "Don't risk it" program is showing four short videos on Estrella Blanca buses headed from the interior of Mexico toward the border. The

Latin America, Caribbean
Central America is suffering from drought, which is aggravating rural poverty and increasing migration from drought-stricken areas. A combination of

China, Taiwan, Hong Kong
China's household registration or hukou system, adopted in 1958, gives citizens few rights or recourse to protection once they leave their designated

Southeast Asia
Malaysia. The government in August 2001 estimated that there were 600,000 illegal foreigners in the country, including 450,000 in the

Japan: Brazilians
Some 230,000 Brazilians of Japanese origin migrated to Japan in the 1990s, but some of them are returning to Brazil in 2001; Japan's unemployment

Korea: Trainees
The Labor Ministry has proposed a revision of the foreign industrial trainee system under which trainee status is limited to one year, followed by

EU: Enlargement
The 15-nation European Union had a 2000 population of 380 million and a labor force of 170 million. Fertility is below replacement levels in all EU

UK: Czechs, Asylum
Czech Roma. Beginning July 18, 2001, British immigration officers were stationed at the Prague airport to question UK-bound passengers. The

Germany: Schily Proposal
On August 3, 2001, Interior Minister Otto Schily proposed a bill that would give Germany its first-ever regulated immigration system

France, Benelux
In July 2001, France and Algeria signed an agreement that grants Algerians the same rights as other immigrants to France. If ratified by parliaments

Southern Europe
Spain. Spain's 2000 revised immigration law went into effect on August 1, 2001. It permits foreigners who can prove they have been working in

Eastern Europe
Hungary. A new law that grants special rights to ethnic Hungarians living in neighboring states has sparked charges of discrimination from

Australia, New Zealand
Australia. Immigration Minister Philip Ruddock said that the number of asylum applications approved dropped from 94 percent during the

Africa: South Africa, Zimbabwe
South Africa. Migrants from neighboring countries are being blamed for the slow improvement in the standard of living of Blacks since

Middle East, South Asia
Millions of Asian workers are employed in the Gulf states where, according to the International Labour Organization, cases of unpaid wages, bogus

UN, UNHCR: 50 Years
The UN has been trying to win support for an international conference on migration and development since 1995. However, only 78 of the UN's 189