World wine production rose 12 percent from 251 million hectoliters in 2017 to 282 million hectoliters or 7.5 billion gallons in 2018; one hectoliter is 26.4 gallons. The highest global production was in 2004, when almost 300 million hectoliters was produced, followed by 2013 with 290 million hectoliters.
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On April 30, 2007, the New Zealand government launched the Recognized Seasonal Employer (RSE) scheme to admit up to 5,000 Pacific Island workers to fill seasonal jobs in horticulture and viticulture. The RSE program was designed with input from growers and aimed to benefit NZ farmers, migrant workers, and Pacific Island sending countries.
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Australia's hired horticultural workforce includes mostly legal temporary and unauthorized foreign workers. However, fewer than 10 percent of horticultural workers are guest workers admitted after employers test the labor market for local workers. This makes Australia different from Canada, New Zealand, and the US, where most temporary foreign workers are admitted only after farm employers try and fail to recruit local workers under government supervision.
Several thousand Hondurans in October 2018 left San Pedro Sula to travel through Guatemala and Mexico to the US to apply for asylum. As they moved north, President Trump threatened to cut off aid to Honduras and to tear up the new USMCA trade agreement if Mexico did not prevent their transit. Trump said that border security is "far more important" to him than USMCA, the successor to NAFTA.
Circular or temporary labor migration programs (TLMPs), also known as "guestworker" programs, aim to add workers temporarily to a country's labor force without adding permanent immigrants to its population. Many countries richer than their neighbors operate TLMPs. Some have multiple programs, including programs for seasonal workers, youth and students, and skilled workers and professionals.
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